An earlier version of this post was originally published on mormonliberals.org.

Being dependent isn’t a bad thing. We are all dependent on the Savior, for example, and we are all dependent on each other for support.[ref]The definition of “dependent” I’m using comes from the second listed in Merriam-Webster’s dictionary: “relying on another for support.“[/ref] In fact, the humility and love required to acknowledge dependency is an integral part of earthly and eternal life. It’s important to recognize that dependency is unavoidable, inescapable, and all-around positive. There are associated ailments that are rightly looked down upon, but dependency, in and of itself, shouldn’t be. In this post, I will explore this issue as it relates to that institution of higher dependency, the United States government. When it comes to “the government,” who is dependent?

Poor people who get help from the government are dependent.

Even though over 80% of TANF recipients are on the program temporarily (5 years or fewer)[ref]This statistic is based on data from the Department of Commerce as of September 2013 (source).[/ref] there’s no doubt that such welfare recipients depend on the help, at least in the short term. While laziness is never good, there’s simply not proof any significant percentage of these folks are lazy: most of our welfare-receiving brothers and sisters are children, disabled, or working, meaning that while they rely on others for support, the myth of the able-bodied welfare mooch is unsubstantiated.[ref]Economists at The Monkey Cage and Wes Williams at AddictingInfo make this case well.[/ref] But even if the poor were dependent long term, it is not as simple as blaming them for the situation, as recent studies have shown that poverty is incredibly complicated and that blaming the poor is rarely justified.[ref]I’ve collected 28 studies that suggest poverty isn’t always the fault of the poor, and here are 25 disturbing and unappreciated facts about the poor in America. Also, psychologists have found that poverty might actually cause a psychological change that leads to bad decisions, rather than the other way around: “What if the psychology of poverty, which can appear so irrational to those not in poverty, is actually “the most rational response to a world of chaos and unpredictable outcomes. . . . All the data shows it isn’t about poor people, it’s about people who happen to be in poverty. All the data suggests it is not the person, it’s the context they’re inhabiting.” On top of that, judging poor people is just dangerous business to begin with, not to mention doctrinally questionable from a Mormon perspective.[/ref]

Rich people who get help from the government are dependent.

Rich people are dependent on the government for their roads, their workforce (which is educated on the government’s dime), their national defense, their infrastructure, their fire and police protection, their international trade agreements. And the list goes on and on. A conservative economist at Marginal Revolution theorizes that about 25% of government spending directly benefits the rich, and he’s not even considering the secondary and tertiary effects of having an educated population; a government that invests in R&D projects that lead to things like the internet,[ref]The government had a huge role in the creation and development of the internet.[/ref] smoke detectors,[ref]Invented by NASA[/ref] water filters[ref]NASA again[/ref], and handheld video cameras,[ref]NASA isn’t the only R&D (see here, here, here, and here for others), but they did pull most of the weight in the development of handheld video cameras[/ref] or the role the government plays in negotiating and securing international trade deals.[ref]Scott Adams makes a compelling case about such secondary and tertiary benefits, concluding that the rich and the poor both benefit more or less equally, and Elizabeth Warren made a similar point quite succinctly: “There is nobody in this country who got rich on their own. Nobody.”[/ref] On top of that, the rich–like the rest of us–are dependent on the government to enforce private property ownership:

“Through the use of courts and police to see to the enforcement of contracts, trespassing laws and all other legal measures pertaining to property, the government determines that a person’s wealth will remain under their control.”[ref]There’s a legitimate case to be made that private property doesn’t require government intervention, and that case is made compellingly here at Cato Unbound. Even the author of that piece, however, suggests that government might do it more effectively or efficiently than could be done otherwise. I’m not convinced that leaving private property enforcement up to private citizens or free markets wouldn’t inevitably lead to dark-age-esque feudal battles, resulting in the powerful able to both defend their property and relieve the weaker of theirs. But, in any event, my argument here is that the rich are currently dependent on the government, and this whole discussion about who might best enforce private property doesn’t change the fact that, right now, the rich are dependent on the government to assure that their stuff remains their stuff.[/ref]

The rich are also dependent on the government to the extent that government policies tend to give huge benefits to the rich.

At this point it’s safe to say that we’re all dependent on the government. And that’s okay.

If the government were to disappear today, all of us–rich and poor–would suffer in a wide variety of ways. And that’s not a bad thing. Moving away from government for a minute, we are all dependent on one another, aren’t we? And we’d all readily admit it, I think: nobody would say they know everything, or that they can do everything by themselves, or that they aren’t incredibly grateful for their parents/3rd grade science teacher/neighbor for picking them up when they were down/helping them learn to love science. For the most part, we’re all pretty grateful people, and this is especially obvious roundabouts the last Thursday in November. We know we rely on the help and love of those around us, and if that help and love were removed, we’d suffer in wide variety of ways: we are all dependent on one another. And, again, this isn’t a bad thing. At least, God doesn’t seem to think so:[ref]Unless this satirical report is to be believed, in which case the Savior of humanity is not keen on the idea of others mooching off His generosity.[/ref]

 35 For I was an hungred, and ye gave me meat: I was thirsty, and ye gave me drink: I was a stranger, and ye took me in:

36 Naked, and ye clothed me: I was sick, and ye visited me: I was in prison, and ye came unto me.

37 Then shall the righteous answer him, saying, Lord, when saw we thee an hungred, and fed thee? or thirsty, and gave thee drink?
see Matthew 25:34-45

Christ goes on to condemn the act of turning away the least of our brothers and sisters while saying nothing about the resulting dependency that comes when others rely on us for that support we’ve given them. And this trend continues in the Book of Mormon:

19 For behold, are we not all beggars? Do we not all depend upon the same Being, even God, for all the substance which we have, for both food and raiment, and for gold, and for silver, and for all the riches which we have of every kind?

21 And now, if God, who has created you, on whom you are dependent for your lives and for all that ye have and are, doth grant unto you whatsoever ye ask that is right, in faith, believing that ye shall receive, O then, how ye ought to impart of the substance that ye have one to another.

see Mosiah 4:16-27

With this in mind: when it comes to dependency, let they who are not dependent cast the first stone.

J

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